INTRANET
Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

Research Scientist
Surprisingly, the study of language activity has long been conducted without any questioning of its biological function. In fact, the Human and Social Sciences (anthropology, linguistics) have long defended the idea that language appeared without any selective pressure. In this paradigm, the human being - defined as a fundamentally cultural being with few instinctive behaviors - would have "invented" articulated language (as well as writing). In this purely culturalist conception, the question of the raison d'être of language behavior has long been evacuated from scientific investigation in favor of the extensive study of the proximal and sensorimotor mechanisms that underlie it. However, asking the question of the ultimate causes of human language makes it possible to raise original questions and to answer questions that are still pending. My research aims to demonstrate that the synergy of approaches developed in linguistics and evolutionary biology can significantly advance our knowledge of this specifically human faculty. Trained as a linguist, my research interests include:(1) The study of the voice as an honest signal allowing the speaker to display - via certain vocal characteristics - his phenotypic quality and increase his reproductive success(2) The study of linguistic and genetic proximity. Following the work initially led by the geneticist L. Cavalli-Sforza, I study the genetic diversity of Arab populations in order to better understand the linguistic variability of the Arabic-speaking domain.(3) The study of the role of the family in the transmission of socially valued linguistic forms, which posits that language skills - different according to the social affiliation of individuals - participate in the social structuring of human populations.






        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
       
       
       
    
125 documents

  • Christelle Dodane, Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Fabrice Hirsch, Alessandra del Ré. Are they relations between the children laugh and the language development ?. ELA, Lyon, décembre 2012, 2012, Lyon, France. s.p., 2012. ⟨hal-03076491⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Christelle Dodane, Jérémi Sauvage, Fabrice Hirsch. Une analyse préliminaire du rire chez des enfants de 18 à 36 mois. Actes des Journées d'Etudes sur la Parole, Université de Grenoble, Grenoble, juin 2012, 2012, Grenoble, France. 8 p. ⟨hal-02920705⟩
  • Catherine Rouby, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Le rôle de l'imagination dans la création : du linguistique au neuronal. 2011. ⟨halshs-00837695⟩
  • Hyeran Lee, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Troubles du langage et de la communication dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : impacts sur les aidants et aidés. Troubles du langage et de la communication dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : impacts sur les aidants et aidés, Dec 2011, Montpellier, France. ⟨halshs-00778846⟩
  • Françoise Dufour, Fanny Rinck, Moustafa Bensafi, Johan Poncelet, Melissa Barkat-Defradas, et al.. Imagination and creation in cooks and perfumers : a linguistic survey. 9th Pangborn Sensory Science Symposium, Sep 2011, Toronto, Canada. ⟨halshs-00745386⟩
  • Hyeran Lee, Frédérique Gayraud, Fabrice Hirsch, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Speech dysfluencies in normal and pathological aging : a comparison between Alzheimer patients and healthy eldery subjects. The 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Aug 2011, Hong Kong, China. pp.1174-1177. ⟨halshs-00778852⟩
  • Hyeran Lee, Frédérique Gayraud, Fabrice Hirsch, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. SPEECH DYSFLUENCIES IN NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL AGING: A COMPARISON BETWEEN ALZHEIMER PATIENTS AND HEALTHY ELDERLY SUBJECTS. The 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Aug 2011, Hong-Kong, China. pp.1174-1177. ⟨hal-00801946⟩
  • Hyeran Lee, Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Claire Cadilhac. Olfactory performance and linguistic ability in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's Association International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease, Jul 2011, Paris, France. ⟨halshs-00778861⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Michel Raymond. Speech tempo: an honest signal for selecting mate for reproduction?. Human Behavior and Evolution Society, Jun 2011, Montpellier, France. ⟨halshs-00778980⟩
  • Fabrice Hirsch, Rudolph Sock, Béatrice Vaxelaire, Camille Fauth, Fayssal Bouarourou, et al.. A preliminary study on speech perception and production by blind people. International Seminar on Speech Production 2011, Jun 2011, Canada. pp.CD-ROM. ⟨halshs-00716609⟩

    


Documents retrieved from the HAL open archive logo
Follow Me On