Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

Surprisingly, the study of language activity has long been conducted without any questioning of its biological function. In fact, the Human and Social Sciences (anthropology, linguistics) have long defended the idea that language appeared without any selective pressure. In this paradigm, the human being - defined as a fundamentally cultural being with few instinctive behaviors - would have "invented" articulated language (as well as writing). In this purely culturalist conception, the question of the raison d'être of language behavior has long been evacuated from scientific investigation in favor of the extensive study of the proximal and sensorimotor mechanisms that underlie it. However, asking the question of the ultimate causes of human language makes it possible to raise original questions and to answer questions that are still pending. My research aims to demonstrate that the synergy of approaches developed in linguistics and evolutionary biology can significantly advance our knowledge of this specifically human faculty. Trained as a linguist, my research interests include:(1) The study of the voice as an honest signal allowing the speaker to display - via certain vocal characteristics - his phenotypic quality and increase his reproductive success(2) The study of linguistic and genetic proximity. Following the work initially led by the geneticist L. Cavalli-Sforza, I study the genetic diversity of Arab populations in order to better understand the linguistic variability of the Arabic-speaking domain.(3) The study of the role of the family in the transmission of socially valued linguistic forms, which posits that language skills - different according to the social affiliation of individuals - participate in the social structuring of human populations.




        

            
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Nom : Melissa Barkat-Defradas
IdHAL : melissa-barkat-defradas
IdRef : 055779085 ,
ORCID : 0000-0002-9491-5695 ,
        
        

            
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Auteurs de la structure
        

            
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129 documents

Hyeran Lee, Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Claire Cadilhac. Olfactory performance and linguistic ability in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's Association International Conference on Alzheimer's Disease, Jul 2011, Paris, France. ⟨halshs-00778861⟩
Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Michel Raymond. Speech tempo: an honest signal for selecting mate for reproduction?. Human Behavior and Evolution Society, Jun 2011, Montpellier, France. ⟨halshs-00778980⟩
Fabrice Hirsch, Rudolph Sock, Béatrice Vaxelaire, Camille Fauth, Fayssal Bouarourou, et al.. A preliminary study on speech perception and production by blind people. International Seminar on Speech Production 2011, Jun 2011, Canada. pp.CD-ROM. ⟨halshs-00716609⟩
Fabrice Hirsch, Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Camille Fauth, Fayssal Bouarourou, Hyeran Lee, et al.. Etude préliminaire de l'organisation spatio-temporelle dans la parole de locuteurs non-voyants. 4° Journées de Phonétique Clinique, May 2011, France. ⟨halshs-00778937⟩
Hyeran Lee, Fabrice Hirsch, Frédérique Gayraud, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Organisation temporelle de la parole dans la maladie d'Alzheimer : évolution des variables temporelles en fonction du stade de démence. 4° Journées de Phonétique Clinique, May 2011, Strasbourg, France. sous presse. ⟨halshs-00778897⟩
Frédérique Gayraud, Hyeran Lee, Fabrice Hirsch, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Perturbations phonologiques et maladie d'Alzheimer : la fin d'un mythe ?. 4ème Journée de Phonétique Clinique, May 2011, Strasbourg, France. ⟨halshs-00778891⟩
Frédérique Gayraud, Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Hyeran Lee. Syntactic and lexical context of pauses and hesitations in the discourse of Alzheimer patients and healthy elderly subjects. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 2011, 25 (3), pp.198-209. ⟨10.3109/02699206.2010.521612⟩. ⟨hal-00715467⟩
Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Raphaël Belaïche, Rim Hamdi-Sultan. Quelles preuves pour l'identité ? Contribution de la linguistique au domaine juridique. Presse Universitaire de Grenoble. La preuve : du mot au concept, PUG, pp.159-184, 2011, Du mot au concept. ⟨halshs-00778807⟩
Hyeran Lee, Laurent Lefebvre, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Vieillissement normal et pathologique du langage : analyse du lexique dans le discours oral spontané. 11e colloque international sur le vieillissement cognitif, Sep 2010, Liège, Belgique. ⟨hal-00801979⟩
Hyeran Lee,, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Apport de l'analyse textuelle automatique dans la recherche sur la maladie d'Alzheimer. Colloque international des jeunes chercheurs en Didactique des Langues et Linguistique, Jun 2010, Grenoble, France. ⟨halshs-00778757⟩
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Documents retrieved from the HAL open archive