INTRANET

Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

Research Scientist
Surprisingly, the study of language activity has long been conducted without any questioning of its biological function. In fact, the Human and Social Sciences (anthropology, linguistics) have long defended the idea that language appeared without any selective pressure. In this paradigm, the human being - defined as a fundamentally cultural being with few instinctive behaviors - would have "invented" articulated language (as well as writing). In this purely culturalist conception, the question of the raison d'être of language behavior has long been evacuated from scientific investigation in favor of the extensive study of the proximal and sensorimotor mechanisms that underlie it. However, asking the question of the ultimate causes of human language makes it possible to raise original questions and to answer questions that are still pending. My research aims to demonstrate that the synergy of approaches developed in linguistics and evolutionary biology can significantly advance our knowledge of this specifically human faculty. Trained as a linguist, my research interests include:(1) The study of the voice as an honest signal allowing the speaker to display - via certain vocal characteristics - his phenotypic quality and increase his reproductive success(2) The study of linguistic and genetic proximity. Following the work initially led by the geneticist L. Cavalli-Sforza, I study the genetic diversity of Arab populations in order to better understand the linguistic variability of the Arabic-speaking domain.(3) The study of the role of the family in the transmission of socially valued linguistic forms, which posits that language skills - different according to the social affiliation of individuals - participate in the social structuring of human populations.






        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
       
       
       
    
124 documents

  • Hyeran Lee, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. La densité des idées : une mesure pertinente de la dégradation linguistique chez les patients Alzheimer. 28° JEP, May 2010, Mons, Belgique. pp.209. ⟨halshs-00778733⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Jorge Guterrez-Celaya, Samia Belaid. Temps de réaction et identification perceptuelle des langues: étude préparatoire en vue de l'optimisation d'un protocole expérimental en IRMf. 28° Journées d'Étude sur la Parole (JEP), May 2010, Mons, Belgique. pp.197. ⟨halshs-00778675⟩
  • Françoise Dufour, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Usages et fonctions des formes trans-sémiotiques dans les discours sur la création artistique. D'un système sémitotique à l'autre : comment parler de l'art ?, Apr 2010, Dijon, France. pp.113-132. ⟨halshs-00801926⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Vowel raising aand vowel fronting in Arabic vernaculars. Academic Publisher. Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics (V4), Brill, pp.678-685, 2010. ⟨hal-00321174⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Vowel backing and vowel lowering in Arabic vernaculars. Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics (V4), Brill, pp.669-674, 2010. ⟨hal-00321173⟩
  • Elisabeth Motte-Florac, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Quel langage pour un imaginaire des sens ? Les onomatopées du dégout en français et en arabe : approches lexicale et phonétique. Presses Universitaires de Nancy. Usages et langages des sens, Presses Universitaires de Nancy, sous presse, 2010, Epistémologie du corps. ⟨hal-00779456⟩
  • Françoise Dufour, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Opérations linguistiques de catégorisation : application au domaine olfactif. ARCO'09, Interprétation et problématiques du sens, Dec 2009, Rouen, France. pp.83-91. ⟨hal-00444803⟩
  • Françoise Dufour, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Processus dynamiques d'identification des odeurs et verbalisation des opérations cognitives de pré-catégorisation linguistique. ARCo'09, Dec 2009, Rouen, France. pp.83-91. ⟨halshs-00801900⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Frédérique Gayraud, Claire Cadilhac,, Hyeran Lee,. Pauses et hésitations dans le discours de patients Alzheimer et chez la personne âgée saine. 3° Journées de Phonétique Clinique, Dec 2009, Aix en Provence, France. ⟨halshs-00801855⟩
  • Harold Guerrero,, Michel Mondain,, Benoît Amy de La Bretèque, Patrick Serrafero, Catherine Trottier, et al.. Identification et caractérisation acoustique et physiologique des troubles vocaux manifestés chez l'enfant implanté cochléaire. 3° Journées de Phonétique Clinique, Dec 2009, Aix en Provence, France. ⟨halshs-00801862⟩

    


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Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

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