INTRANET
Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

Research Scientist
Surprisingly, the study of language activity has long been conducted without any questioning of its biological function. In fact, the Human and Social Sciences (anthropology, linguistics) have long defended the idea that language appeared without any selective pressure. In this paradigm, the human being - defined as a fundamentally cultural being with few instinctive behaviors - would have "invented" articulated language (as well as writing). In this purely culturalist conception, the question of the raison d'être of language behavior has long been evacuated from scientific investigation in favor of the extensive study of the proximal and sensorimotor mechanisms that underlie it. However, asking the question of the ultimate causes of human language makes it possible to raise original questions and to answer questions that are still pending. My research aims to demonstrate that the synergy of approaches developed in linguistics and evolutionary biology can significantly advance our knowledge of this specifically human faculty. Trained as a linguist, my research interests include:(1) The study of the voice as an honest signal allowing the speaker to display - via certain vocal characteristics - his phenotypic quality and increase his reproductive success(2) The study of linguistic and genetic proximity. Following the work initially led by the geneticist L. Cavalli-Sforza, I study the genetic diversity of Arab populations in order to better understand the linguistic variability of the Arabic-speaking domain.(3) The study of the role of the family in the transmission of socially valued linguistic forms, which posits that language skills - different according to the social affiliation of individuals - participate in the social structuring of human populations.






        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
       
       
       
    
125 documents

  • Jérémi Sauvage, Christelle Dodane, Fabrice Hirsch, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Réflexions méthodologiques sur l'analyse phonétique d'un corpus longitudinal et transversal en acquisition du langage. CORELA - COgnition, REprésentation, LAngage, 2013, 11 (thématique : Statut et utilisation des corpus en linguistique), http://corela.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/index.php?id=3012. ⟨hal-00918296⟩
  • Hyeran Lee, Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Frederique Gayraud. Le viellissement normal et pathologique du langage : étude comparative des discours oraux. 6e Journées Internationales de Linguistique de Corpus, Sep 2013, Lorient, France. ⟨halshs-01179098⟩
  • Mohamed Lahrouchi, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Quel domaine pour la propagation de l’emphase en arabe marocain ?. 11èmes Rencontres du Réseau Français de Phonologie, Jul 2013, Nantes, France. ⟨halshs-01728040⟩
  • Frédérique Gayraud, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Comprehension and Production of Complex Sentences and their relation to Working Memory: A comparative analysis of Alzheimer's patients and healthy elderly subjects. 11th International Symposium on Psycholinguistics, Mar 2013, Tenerife (Iles Canaries), Spain. ⟨halshs-00779487⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Frédérique Gayraud. Bilinguisme et maladie d'Alzheimer. Rééducation orthophonique, 2013, Les pathologies acquises du langage chez le patient bi- ou multilingue (253), pp.31-52. ⟨halshs-00779467⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Françoise Dufour. Usages et fonctions des formes transsémiotiques dans des discours sur la création artistique. Comment parler de l'Art ? Approches discursive et sémiotique, Editions du CNRS, sous presse, 2013, Alpha. ⟨hal-00779480⟩
  • Hyeran Lee, Philippe Gambette, Frederique Gayraud, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Élaboration d'un outil d'évaluation des performances en dénomination pour les patients bilingues atteints de la maladie d'Alzheimer. Rééducation orthophonique, 2013, 253, pp.143-152. ⟨halshs-00779471⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Stéphanie Benoist (Dir.). Comment parler de l'Art ?. Editions du CNRS, pp.151, 2013. ⟨hal-00779432⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Elisabeth Motte-Florac. Atlas Multimédia des Parlers Arabes Modernes : " les Plantes aromatiques dans l'environnement arabophone. Centre d'Études Linguistiques de Lyon. Mémoires du terrain : enquêtes, matériaux, traitement des données, Centre d'Études Linguistiques de Lyon, pp.1-18, 2013. ⟨halshs-00779204⟩
  • Fabrice Hirsch, Rudolph Sock, Béatrice Vaxelaire,, Camille Fauth, Fayssal Bouarourou, et al.. Etude préliminaire sur la perception et la production des sons de la parole chez des sujets voyants et non-voyants. Revue PAROLE, 2013, sous presse. ⟨halshs-00779474⟩

    


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