INTRANET
Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

Mélissa Barkat-Defradas

Research Scientist
Surprisingly, the study of language activity has long been conducted without any questioning of its biological function. In fact, the Human and Social Sciences (anthropology, linguistics) have long defended the idea that language appeared without any selective pressure. In this paradigm, the human being - defined as a fundamentally cultural being with few instinctive behaviors - would have "invented" articulated language (as well as writing). In this purely culturalist conception, the question of the raison d'être of language behavior has long been evacuated from scientific investigation in favor of the extensive study of the proximal and sensorimotor mechanisms that underlie it. However, asking the question of the ultimate causes of human language makes it possible to raise original questions and to answer questions that are still pending. My research aims to demonstrate that the synergy of approaches developed in linguistics and evolutionary biology can significantly advance our knowledge of this specifically human faculty. Trained as a linguist, my research interests include:(1) The study of the voice as an honest signal allowing the speaker to display - via certain vocal characteristics - his phenotypic quality and increase his reproductive success(2) The study of linguistic and genetic proximity. Following the work initially led by the geneticist L. Cavalli-Sforza, I study the genetic diversity of Arab populations in order to better understand the linguistic variability of the Arabic-speaking domain.(3) The study of the role of the family in the transmission of socially valued linguistic forms, which posits that language skills - different according to the social affiliation of individuals - participate in the social structuring of human populations.






        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
       
       
       
    
124 documents

  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Elisabeth Motte-Florac. Atlas linguistique multimédia : les plantes aromatiques dans l'environnement arabophone. 132° Congrès National des Sociétés Historiques et Scientifiques « Image et imagerie », Apr 2007, Arles, France. ⟨hal-00290640⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Elisabeth Motte-Florac. Base de données multimédia : les plantes aromatiques dans l'environnement arabophone. Images et Imagerie - 132° congrès des sciences historiques et scientifiques, Apr 2007, Arles, France. pp.119-20. ⟨hal-00321194⟩
  • Mohamed Embarki, Christian Guilleminot, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Expansion nasale en arabe standard : indices acoustiques d'une coarticulation anticipatoire. Revue PAROLE, 2007, 39-40, pp.209-234. ⟨hal-00321184⟩
  • Elisabeth Motte-Florac, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Flux de plantes et de savoirs en Andalousie, plaque tournante entre le monde arabe, l'Europe et au-delà. : La circulation des phytonymes. Bulletin de Liaison de l'Association des Amis du Musée de la Pharmacie, 2007, 32, pp.15-30. ⟨hal-00332577⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, H. Guerrero, Michel Mondain, Benoît Amy de La Bretêque, Patrick Serrafero. Identification et caractérisation acoustique et physiologique des troubles vocaux manifestes chez l'enfant implanté cochléaire. 2èmes Journées de Phonétique Clinique, Grenoble, Maison des Sciences de l'Homme-Alpes, 13-14 décembre 2007, 2007, Grenoble, France. ⟨hal-03074171⟩
  • Catherine Rouby, Sophie David, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Odeurs et accès au lexique : Etude comparative en français & en arabe. Colloque international "Les mots de la santé (2). Affaire(s) de goût(s)", Dec 2006, Lyon, France. ⟨halshs-00133043⟩
  • Jean-Luc Rouas, Melissa Barkat-Defradas, François Pellegrino, Rym Hamdi. Identification automatique des parlers arabes par la prosodie. Journées d'Etude sur la Parole, Jun 2006, Dinard, France. ⟨hal-00664987⟩
  • Melissa Barkat-Defradas, Emmanuel Ferragne, R. Hamdi, S. Ghazali, F. Pellegrino, et al.. De la Caractérisation Linguistique à l'Identification Automatique des Parlers Arabes. Workshop "Voix, Parole, Langue", Cargèse, 4-9 juin 2006, 2006, Cargèse, France. ⟨hal-03074174⟩
  • M. Embarki, C. Guilleminot, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Expansion nasale en arabe standard : indices acoustiques d'une coarticulation anticipatoire. Revue PAROLE, 2006, 39-40, pp. 209-234. ⟨hal-00470251⟩
  • Rym Hamdi, Salem Ghazali, Melissa Barkat-Defradas. Syllable Structure in Spoken Arabic: a comparative investigation. Eurospeech — 9th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology, Sep 2005, Lisbonne, Portugal. ⟨hal-01740924⟩

    


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