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X-WR-CALDESC:Évènements pour Anthropologie Evolutive @ISEM
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240304T140000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240304T150000
DTSTAMP:20260419T093610
CREATED:20240228T154518Z
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UID:6116-1709560800-1709564400@evoanth.cnrs.fr
SUMMARY:Childhood evolution and foraging skills / Ilaria Pretelli / IAST
DESCRIPTION:Our species’ long childhood is hypothesized to have evolved as a period for learning complex foraging skills. Researchers have focused on assessing this hypothesis\, yet studies present inconsistent conclusions regarding the connection between niche complexity\, the development of foraging skill development\, and ecological knowledge . I will present three studies addressing this hypothesis using both cross cultural and detailed individual level data from the Island of Pemba\, Zanzibar.  \n\n\n\nWe first look at published records of child and adolescent foragers from 28 societies to assess whether children’s foraging proficiency increases more slowly for more skill-intensive resources\, such as game and tubers\, than for easier-to-extract resources\, i.e. fruit and fish/shellfish\, a prediction we find confirmed. We then move to individual level measures from Pemba\, Zanzibar (TZ). There we measured ecological knowledge of 93 children and teenagers between 4 and 26 years to find that\, while children learn during the whole pre-reproductive period\, this happens at varying rates\, with fastest increases in young children. Sex differences also appear during middle childhood and are mediated by participation in different activities. Both these results are consistent with the idea that childhood is necessary to learn how to forage. But does ecological knowledge actually help with foraging? To answer this question\, we model the relative importance for foraging of ecological knowledge\, grip strength and height in our population of part-time children foragers. To our surprise\, we do not detect any effect of individual knowledge on foraging returns\, potentially because relevant information can be shared within foraging parties. I will also provide some details concerning causal inference and statistical methods\, before providing some final considerations on the future direction of my research and of our understanding for the evolution of childhood more in general.
URL:https://evoanth.cnrs.fr/lagenda1/childhood-evolution-and-foraging-skills-lalla-ilaria/
LOCATION:Université Montpellier Campus Triolet ISEM Salle René Lavocat Bât 22 RDC\, ISEM - Batiment 22 - Place Eugène Bataillon\, Montpellier\, Languedoc Roussillon\, 34095
CATEGORIES:Conférences,Séminaires
ORGANIZER;CN="Ilaria Pretelli":MAILTO:ilaria.pretelli@iast.fr
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240315T140000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240315T150000
DTSTAMP:20260419T093610
CREATED:20240116T135137Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240305T140130Z
UID:6024-1710511200-1710514800@evoanth.cnrs.fr
SUMMARY:Séminaire Équipe Anthropologie Evolutive - Cécile Sarabian /  Disease risk perception\, disgust and their applications
DESCRIPTION:Risk perception – or an individual’s susceptibility to perceive a threat (e.g. disease\, predator\, competitor) – has shaped the physiology\, cognition\, behavior and ecology of animals for millions of years. While a lot of research has focused on lethal threats (i.e. predation)\, only recently have we increased our understanding of how animals\, and more particularly our closest phylogenetic relatives\, detect disease risk and prevent infection. Disgust\, an adaptive system based in neural tissue\, is identified as a trigger for such behavioural immunity in vertebrates\, evolving to protect hosts from disease. Through a series of experimental studies\, we asked: 1) What triggers avoidance in non-human primates (NHPs)? 2) Does disgust procure health benefits? 3) Is disgust learnt in NHPs? 4) Are there disgust cognitive markers? And 5) What are the potential applications of disgust? We found that: (1) NHPs exhibit aversion and avoid sensory cues associated with biological contaminants and the risk of infection; (2) individuals who avoid contaminated food show lower levels of infection compared to less cautious individuals; (3) disgust is partly learnt to interact with physiological immunity; and (4) risk perception affects cognitive processes in primates\, in different ways depending on the type of risk (infection vs. predation). Finally (5)\, although disease risk avoidance and disgust are used in public health and consumer choice\, disgust can have a wider range of applications\, such as in wildlife management\, conservation and animal welfare. Building on my previous work and the resulting theoretical framework\, some of my ongoing and future projects aim to exploit the protective phenotypes of animals and humans to reduce the frequency of negative interactions between them. I introduce some of these contexts in which disgust-related avoidance behaviors could be applied and discuss some of the associated challenges.
URL:https://evoanth.cnrs.fr/lagenda1/seminaire-equipe-anthropologie-evolutive-cecile-sarabian/
LOCATION:Université Montpellier Campus Triolet ISEM Salle Louis Thaler Bât 22 1er étage\, Place Eugène Bataillon\, Montpellier\, Languedoc Roussillon\, 34095\, France
CATEGORIES:Conférences,Séminaires
ORGANIZER;CN="C%C3%A9cile Sarabian":MAILTO:cecile.sarabian@iast.fr
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240328T133000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240329T120000
DTSTAMP:20260419T093610
CREATED:20240319T092328Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240319T093633Z
UID:6396-1711632600-1711713600@evoanth.cnrs.fr
SUMMARY:Southern France meeting of wild primatologists
DESCRIPTION:Program_interlab-meeting_APE_March-2024-4Télécharger
URL:https://evoanth.cnrs.fr/lagenda1/southern-france-meeting-of-wild-primatologists/
LOCATION:Université Montpellier Campus Triolet ISEM Salle René Lavocat Bât 22 RDC\, ISEM - Batiment 22 - Place Eugène Bataillon\, Montpellier\, Languedoc Roussillon\, 34095
CATEGORIES:Conférences,Séminaires
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